Air source heat pumps work by converting the energy of the outside air into heat. This creates a comfortable temperature inside the house as well as supplying energy for the hot water system. As with all heat pumps, air source models are most efficient when supplying low temperature systems such as under floor heating.

Perhaps the best matched heating system for any heat pump is radiant floor hydronic heating. The reason is simple, the lower the design temperature the higher the performance of a heat pump. Radiant floors typically require between 110-120 F supply temperature and larger systems can be as low as 80-90 F. This lower design temperature/higher performance is true for any type of heat pump including geothermal systems. Matter of fact, all modern hydronic heating is designed around lower temperatures; condensating gas boilers, solar thermal and heat pumps all work better at lower design temperatures.

Radiant floor heating is ideal for a heat pumps because of its lower design temperature but also because it has a larger buffer mass versus other heating emitters. A large mass allows the heat pump to have to make smaller temperature shifts but at the same time the mass can hold large amounts of energy reducing the short cycling of heat pumps. The Heat Pump can adjust its frequency to match the load, this results in the highest performance output. Because radiant floor is a very stable heat mass the Heat Pump can tune itself to match the load and hold its frequency to match the load much better than other types of emitters that dissipate the energy quickly. As an example, a forced air furnace has little mass and is much harder to maintain an exact temperature, it requires more on/off cycles.

Types of Radiant Floor installations- There are four main ways to introduce radian floor heating when using a heat pump. The more mass you have the better so concrete slab or suspended slab are always best. There are also some good products that use aluminum plates and can be installed between joists or above the plywood subfloor.

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